Infectious diseases
11 flashcards to master this topic
What type of pathogen causes cholera, and what is its name?
Cholera is caused by a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae.
Name four types of pathogens that cause malaria.
Malaria is caused by the protoctists Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium vivax.
What are the names of the two bacteria that cause tuberculosis (TB)?
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis.
What type of pathogen causes HIV/AIDS, and what is its name?
HIV/AIDS is caused by a virus called the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Describe the transmission route of cholera.
Cholera is typically transmitted through the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person. Poor sanitation and hygiene are major contributing factors.
Explain how malaria is transmitted.
Malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. These mosquitoes carry Plasmodium parasites, which are injected into the human bloodstream during the bite.
Describe the common transmission routes of Tuberculosis (TB).
TB is primarily transmitted through the air when a person with active TB coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings, releasing infectious droplets containing the bacteria. Prolonged close contact is usually required for transmission.
Explain how HIV is transmitted.
HIV is transmitted through direct contact with certain bodily fluids (blood, semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk) from an infected person. Common routes include unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
Discuss one biological factor to consider in the prevention and control of malaria.
A biological factor to consider is the development of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, which reduces the effectiveness of mosquito control programs. New insecticides or alternative control methods may be needed.
Describe a social factor that contributes to the spread of tuberculosis (TB).
Poverty and overcrowding are significant social factors. Poor living conditions increase the risk of TB transmission due to close proximity and weakened immune systems in malnourished individuals.
Explain an economic impact of HIV/AIDS on a community.
HIV/AIDS can significantly reduce the workforce, leading to decreased productivity and economic output. Healthcare costs associated with treating HIV/AIDS patients also strain economic resources.
Ready to test yourself?
Practice with MCQ questions to check your understanding of Infectious diseases.
Take QuizStudy Mode
Rate each card Hard, Okay, or Easy after flipping.