Addition polymerisation
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Define addition polymerisation.
Addition polymerisation is a process where unsaturated monomers (containing C=C bonds) join together to form a long chain polymer. No atoms are lost during the process, unlike condensation polymerisation.
Draw the repeat unit of poly(ethene).
The repeat unit of poly(ethene) is [-CH₂-CH₂-]ₙ. This represents the smallest repeating unit in the polymer chain, derived from the ethene monomer.
Draw the repeat unit of poly(chloroethene), also known as PVC.
The repeat unit of poly(chloroethene) (PVC) is [-CH₂-CHCl-]ₙ. Note the presence of the chlorine atom on one of the carbon atoms.
Identify the monomer used to form the addition polymer with the repeat unit [-CF₂-CF₂-]ₙ.
The monomer used to form this polymer is tetrafluoroethene (CF₂=CF₂). This is the monomeric unit that repeats to form the polymer chain.
What are two major environmental concerns associated with the disposal of poly(alkene)s?
Poly(alkene)s are non-biodegradable, meaning they do not break down naturally in the environment. Furthermore, combustion (burning) of poly(alkene)s can produce harmful products like toxic gases.
Explain why poly(alkene)s are generally non-biodegradable.
Poly(alkene)s are non-biodegradable due to the strong, non-polar carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds in their structure. These bonds are not easily broken down by microorganisms.
Describe a potential method for reducing the environmental impact of poly(alkene) disposal.
Recycling poly(alkene)s can reduce their environmental impact by reducing the need for new polymer production and diverting waste from landfills. Feedstock recycling can also break down polymers into useful monomers.
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