Security

'Malware' is any software intentionally designed to cause damage to a computer, server, client, or computer network. Examples include viruses, worms, Trojans, and ransomware.

A Trojan horse disguises itself as legitimate software to trick users into installing it. Once installed, it can perform malicious actions like stealing data, installing other malware, or granting unauthorized access to the system.

Spyware is software that secretly monitors and collects user information, such as browsing history, passwords, and financial details. It can lead to identity theft, financial loss, and compromised privacy.

Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts a victim's files, making them inaccessible until a ransom is paid to the attacker. It can cripple businesses and individuals by holding their data hostage.

Phishing involves deceiving users into revealing sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details, by disguising as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication. An example is an email pretending to be from a bank asking you to update your account details.

A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It helps protect a network from unauthorized access, malware, and other cyber threats.

Authentication verifies the identity of a user or device attempting to access a system or network. Two common methods are password authentication (using a secret word or phrase) and biometric authentication (using unique biological traits like fingerprints).

Data backups involve creating copies of important data to be stored separately from the original source. This provides a safety net in case of data loss due to hardware failure, malware attacks, human error, or natural disasters, allowing for data restoration and minimizing downtime.