20.4

Conservation

12 flashcards to master Conservation

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Definition Flip

What defines a sustainable resource?

Answer Flip

A sustainable resource is produced as quickly as it is removed from the environment, ensuring it does not deplete. Forests managed through replanting after logging are an example of a sustainably managed resource.

Key Concept Flip

Name two resources that can be conserved and managed sustainably.

Answer Flip

Forests and fish stocks are two examples of resources that can be conserved and managed sustainably through careful planning and management practices. Sustainable logging practices can ensure forests regrow, while fishing quotas can protect fish populations.

Key Concept Flip

List four factors that can cause organisms to become endangered or extinct.

Answer Flip

Climate change (

Example: melting polar ice endangering polar bears), habitat destruction (. deforestation reducing orangutan habitat), hunting (. overhunting of tigers), and pollution (. pesticide runoff harming insect populations) can all lead to endangerment or extinction.
Key Concept Flip

Describe two methods used to conserve endangered species.

Answer Flip

Monitoring and protecting species and their habitats (

Example: establishing national parks) and education (. raising awareness about rhino poaching) are common methods. Captive breeding programmes like those for the Californian Condor help increase population sizes.
Key Concept Flip

How can education contribute to forest conservation?

Answer Flip

Education raises awareness about the importance of forests, promoting responsible behaviors.

Example: educating communities about the impact of illegal logging can encourage them to protect forests.
Key Concept Flip

Explain how quotas can be used to conserve fish stocks.

Answer Flip

Quotas limit the amount of fish that can be caught, preventing overfishing and allowing fish populations to recover. Imposing catch limits for cod,

Example: can help rebuild depleted cod stocks.
Key Concept Flip

Describe two reasons for implementing conservation programs.

Answer Flip

Maintaining or increasing biodiversity (

Example: protecting coral reefs) and reducing extinction (. efforts to save the Amur leopard) are key reasons. Protecting vulnerable ecosystems like rainforests also promotes these objectives.
Key Concept Flip

Explain how closed seasons can help conserve fish stocks.

Answer Flip

Closed seasons prohibit fishing during breeding periods, allowing fish populations to reproduce undisturbed.

Example: closing salmon rivers during spawning season ensures that more salmon can reproduce.
Key Concept Flip

Describe how controlled net types and mesh sizes conserve fish stocks.

Answer Flip

Using nets with larger mesh sizes allows smaller, younger fish to escape, enabling them to grow and reproduce, maintaining the fish population. This can reduce bycatch too, as unwanted species like dolphins can swim out.

Key Concept Flip

Describe the use of artificial insemination (AI) in captive breeding programs.

Answer Flip

AI involves collecting sperm from a male and artificially inserting it into a female. This allows breeding between individuals that may be geographically separated or unable to mate naturally, increasing genetic diversity. Used often in panda conservation.

Key Concept Flip

Explain one risk to a species if its population size decreases.

Answer Flip

Decreased population size reduces genetic variation, making the species more vulnerable to diseases and environmental changes.

Example: a disease could wipe out a genetically uniform population of cheetahs more easily.
Key Concept Flip

Explain the role of protected areas in conserving forests.

Answer Flip

Protected areas, like national parks, restrict human activities such as logging and development, preserving forest ecosystems and biodiversity. This allows the forests to thrive and support a wide range of species.

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20.3 Pollution 21.1 Biotechnology and genetic modification

Key Questions: Conservation

What defines a sustainable resource?

A sustainable resource is produced as quickly as it is removed from the environment, ensuring it does not deplete. Forests managed through replanting after logging are an example of a sustainably managed resource.

About Conservation (20.4)

These 12 flashcards cover everything you need to know about Conservation for your Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610) exam. Each card is designed based on the official syllabus requirements.

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