11.3

Alkenes

12 flashcards to master Alkenes

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Key Concept Flip

Name the three main fossil fuels.

Answer Flip

The three main fossil fuels are coal, natural gas, and petroleum.

Key Concept Flip

What is the main constituent of natural gas?

Answer Flip

Methane is the main constituent of natural gas. Its chemical formula is CH₄.

Definition Flip

Define hydrocarbons.

Answer Flip

Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon atoms only.

Example: Methane (CH₄) and ethane (C₂H₆).
Definition Flip

What is petroleum?

Answer Flip

Petroleum is a mixture of different hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons have different chain lengths.

Key Concept Flip

Describe the process of separating petroleum into useful fractions.

Answer Flip

Petroleum is separated by fractional distillation. This process separates hydrocarbons based on their boiling points; lower boiling points rise higher in the column.

Key Concept Flip

How does chain length change from the bottom to the top of a fractionating column?

Answer Flip

From the bottom to the top of the fractionating column, the chain length of the hydrocarbon molecules decreases.

Key Concept Flip

How does volatility change from the bottom to the top of a fractionating column?

Answer Flip

From the bottom to the top of the fractionating column, the volatility of the hydrocarbon fractions increases.

Key Concept Flip

How do boiling points change from the bottom to the top of a fractionating column?

Answer Flip

From the bottom to the top of the fractionating column, the boiling points of the hydrocarbon fractions decrease.

Key Concept Flip

How does viscosity change from the bottom to the top of a fractionating column?

Answer Flip

From the bottom to the top of the fractionating column, the viscosity of the hydrocarbon fractions decreases. Viscosity refers to how easily a liquid flows.

Key Concept Flip

Name the uses of the refinery gas fraction.

Answer Flip

Refinery gas is used as gas for heating and cooking. It's one of the shortest-chain hydrocarbons separated from petroleum.

Key Concept Flip

Name the uses of the gasoline/petrol fraction.

Answer Flip

Gasoline (or petrol) is used as fuel in cars. It's a more volatile and flammable fraction than diesel.

Key Concept Flip

Name the uses of the kerosene/paraffin fraction.

Answer Flip

Kerosene (or paraffin) is primarily used as jet fuel in airplanes. It has a higher boiling point than gasoline.

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11.2 Alkanes 11.4 Alcohols

Key Questions: Alkenes

Define hydrocarbons.

Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon atoms only.

Example: Methane (CH₄) and ethane (C₂H₆).
What is petroleum?

Petroleum is a mixture of different hydrocarbons. These hydrocarbons have different chain lengths.

About Alkenes (11.3)

These 12 flashcards cover everything you need to know about Alkenes for your Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry (0620) exam. Each card is designed based on the official syllabus requirements.

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