Carboxylic acids
12 flashcards to master Carboxylic acids
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What type of bond is present in alkenes?
Alkenes contain a double carbon-carbon covalent bond. This double bond makes them unsaturated hydrocarbons.
What is cracking and what conditions are required?
Cracking is the process of breaking down larger alkane molecules into smaller, more useful alkanes and alkenes. It requires a high temperature (heat) and a catalyst.
Why is cracking of larger alkane molecules important?
Cracking is important because it converts less useful, long-chain alkanes into smaller, more in-demand hydrocarbons like ethene (used to make plastics) and gasoline (fuel).
How can you distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes) react with aqueous bromine, decolourising it from brown to colourless. Saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes) do not react.
What type of reaction occurs when alkenes react?
Alkenes undergo addition reactions, where the double bond breaks and atoms add to each carbon atom. Only one product is formed.
What is the product of the addition of bromine to ethene?
The product is 1,2-dibromoethane. The bromine molecule adds across the double bond.
What is the product of the addition of hydrogen to ethene, and what conditions are required?
The product is ethane. This reaction requires a nickel catalyst and elevated temperature.
What is the product of the addition of steam to ethene, and what conditions are required?
The product is ethanol. This reaction requires an acid catalyst (
What is the product of cracking C₁₀H₂₂ into smaller alkanes and alkenes?
One possible set of products is: C₁₀H₂₂ → C₃H₈ + C₃H₆ + 2C₂H₄ (propane, propene, and ethene)
Give the name of the alcohol produced when propene reacts with steam.
The alcohol produced is propan-2-ol (also known as isopropyl alcohol).
What is the name of the salt produced when propanoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide?
The salt produced is sodium propanoate.
What is the catalyst used for the addition of steam to alkenes?
Concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is used as the acid catalyst.
Key Questions: Carboxylic acids
What type of bond is present in alkenes?
Alkenes contain a double carbon-carbon covalent bond. This double bond makes them unsaturated hydrocarbons.
What type of reaction occurs when alkenes react?
Alkenes undergo addition reactions, where the double bond breaks and atoms add to each carbon atom. Only one product is formed.
About Carboxylic acids (11.5)
These 12 flashcards cover everything you need to know about Carboxylic acids for your Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry (0620) exam. Each card is designed based on the official syllabus requirements.
What You'll Learn
- 2 Definitions - Key terms and their precise meanings that examiners expect
- 2 Key Concepts - Core ideas and principles from the 0620 syllabus
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After mastering Carboxylic acids, explore these related topics:
- 11.4 Alcohols - 11 flashcards
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