12.2

Separation and purification

6 flashcards to master Separation and purification

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Definition Flip

Describe the general process of acid-base titration.

Answer Flip

Titration involves gradually adding an acid to a base (or vice versa) of known concentration to react with a base (or acid) of unknown concentration until the reaction is complete. This allows determination of the unknown concentration.

Key Concept Flip

How do you identify the endpoint of a titration using an indicator?

Answer Flip

The endpoint is identified by a sharp color change of the indicator. Choose an indicator that changes color at or near the equivalence point of the reaction.

Example: methyl orange turns from red to yellow as the solution changes from acidic to alkaline.
Key Concept Flip

In a titration, 20.0 cm³ of 0.0500 mol/dm³ HCl reacts completely with 25.0 cm³ of Ca(OH)₂ solution. Calculate the moles of HCl used.

Answer Flip

Moles of HCl = (Volume of HCl in dm³ * Concentration of HCl in mol/dm³) = (20.0/1000) * 0.0500 = 0.001 mol.

Key Concept Flip

If 0.001 mol of HCl reacted completely with Ca(OH)₂, and 2 moles of HCl react with every 1 mole of Ca(OH)₂, how many moles of Ca(OH)₂ were present?

Answer Flip

Moles of Ca(OH)₂ = Moles of HCl / 2 = 0.001 / 2 = 0.0005 mol. The balanced equation is: 2HCl + Ca(OH)₂ -> CaCl₂ + 2H₂O

Key Concept Flip

Given 0.0005 mol of Ca(OH)₂ in 25.0 cm³ of solution, calculate the concentration of Ca(OH)₂ in mol/dm³.

Answer Flip

Concentration of Ca(OH)₂ = (Moles of Ca(OH)₂ / Volume of Ca(OH)₂ in dm³) = 0.0005 / (25.0/1000) = 0.02 mol/dm³.

Key Concept Flip

The concentration of a solution is 0.02 mol/dm³. Given the Mr of Ca(OH)₂ = 74, calculate the concentration in g/dm³.

Answer Flip

Concentration of Ca(OH)₂ in g/dm³ = (Concentration in mol/dm³ * Mr of Ca(OH)₂) = 0.02 * 74 = 1.48 g/dm³.

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12.1 Experimental design 12.3 Identification of ions and gases

Key Questions: Separation and purification

Describe the general process of acid-base titration.

Titration involves gradually adding an acid to a base (or vice versa) of known concentration to react with a base (or acid) of unknown concentration until the reaction is complete. This allows determination of the unknown concentration.

About Separation and purification (12.2)

These 6 flashcards cover everything you need to know about Separation and purification for your Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry (0620) exam. Each card is designed based on the official syllabus requirements.

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